AV NewsStream: Real-Time Multi-Source News Aggregator

📊 Key Metrics at a Glance

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AV NewsStream is a production-ready, enterprise-grade news aggregation platform that solves the critical challenge of API rate limiting through intelligent key rotation across multiple API keys. It aggregates real-time news from NewsAPI and YouTube into a unified feed with advanced duplicate detection, 10-minute response caching, and text-to-speech article reading via Web Speech API—reducing API calls by 90% while maintaining seamless user experience.

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🔗 Quick Links

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📑 Table of Contents

• The Challenge
• The Solution
• Business Impact
• Technologies and Tools Used
• Project Overview
• Key Features
• Technical Deep Dive
• Challenges Faced
• Deployment and Testing
• Screenshots Gallery
• What I Learned
• Future Improvements
• Conclusion
• FAQs
• Project Badges

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🎯 The Challenge

The API Rate Limiting Problem

Building a real-time news aggregation platform presents a fundamental challenge: free-tier API limits make continuous news fetching impossible without intelligent management.

Business Constraints

Without Solution:
├── 100 requests/day per key ❌
├── ~1,000 user requests hit limits by noon
├── Service unavailable for rest of day
└── Poor user experience, high bounce rate

Target Requirements:
├── 300+ requests/day capacity ✅
├── Zero downtime during rate limits
├── Fresh content from 3+ sources
└── Seamless experience for 1,000+ daily users

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💡 The Solution

Dual-Architecture System

I engineered a dual-architecture system that separates concerns and maximizes efficiency:

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                         FRONTEND                                 │
│  ┌─────────────────────┐         ┌────────────────────┐         │
│  │  React 18 + Vite    │         │  Redux Toolkit     │         │
│  │  • News Components  │◄───────►│  • Articles State  │         │
│  │  • Voice Control    │         │  • Saved Items     │         │
│  │  • Text-to-Speech   │         │  • User Prefs      │         │
│  └─────────────────────┘         └────────────────────┘         │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                              │
                              ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                         BACKEND                                  │
│  ┌─────────────────────┐         ┌────────────────────┐         │
│  │  Node.js + Express  │         │  ApiKeyManager     │         │
│  │  • API Proxy        │◄───────►│  • Key Rotation    │         │
│  │  • CORS Handling    │         │  • Health Tracking │         │
│  │  • Request Logging  │         │  • Auto Failover   │         │
│  └─────────────────────┘         └────────────────────┘         │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                              │
                              ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                      EXTERNAL APIS                               │
│  ┌───────────────┐  ┌───────────────┐  ┌───────────────┐        │
│  │   NewsAPI     │  │    GNews      │  │  YouTube API  │        │
│  │   (3 keys)    │  │   (3 keys)    │  │   (3 keys)    │        │
│  └───────────────┘  └───────────────┘  └───────────────┘        │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Key Architectural Decisions

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📈 Business Impact

Quantified Results

Real-World Impact

• ✅ Zero service interruptions during API rate limit situations
• ✅ Voice control enables accessibility for users with disabilities
• ✅ Multitasking support via text-to-speech article reading
• ✅ Production-grade architecture handling real user traffic

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🛠️ Technologies and Tools Used

Frontend Stack

Backend Stack

External APIs

Additional Libraries

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🏗️ Project Overview

Core Capabilities

Architecture Diagram

User Request Flow
─────────────────

       ┌──────────────────┐
       │     Browser      │
       │  React 18 + Vite │
       └────────┬─────────┘
                │
    ┌───────────┴───────────┐
    │                       │
    ▼                       ▼
┌──────────┐         ┌──────────────┐
│ Category │         │    Search    │
│  Click   │         │    Query     │
└────┬─────┘         └──────┬───────┘
     │                      │
     └──────────┬───────────┘
                │
                ▼
     ┌──────────────────────┐
     │   DataFetch.jsx      │
     │  ┌────────────────┐  │
     │  │ Check Cache    │  │
     │  │ (10-min TTL)   │  │
     │  └───────┬────────┘  │
     │          │           │
     │  Cache   │  Miss     │
     │   Hit ◄──┴──►        │
     └────┬────────────┬────┘
          ▼                 ▼                 ▼
   ┌───────────┐     ┌───────────┐     ┌───────────┐
   │  NewsAPI  │     │   GNews   │     │  YouTube  │
   │  (3 Keys) │     │  (3 Keys) │     │  (2 Keys) │
   └─────┬─────┘     └─────┬─────┘     └─────┬─────┘
         │                 │                 │
         ▼                 ▼                 ▼
   ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────┐
   │             Express Proxy Server              │
   │           (Rate Limit Management)             │
   └───────────────────────┬───────────────────────┘
                           │
                           ▼
                  ┌──────────────────┐
                  │  React Frontend  │
                  │ (Redux + Cache)  │
                  └──────────────────┘

Project Structure

AV-News-Stream/
├── src/
│   ├── Components/           # Reusable UI components
│   │   ├── NewsCard.jsx      # Article card with save/TTS
│   │   ├── YTNewsCard.jsx    # YouTube video card
│   │   ├── Navbar.jsx        # Navigation with categories
│   │   ├── SearchBar.jsx     # Global search input
│   │   └── TTSControl.jsx    # Text-to-speech controls
│   ├── pages/                # Route components
│   │   ├── News.jsx          # Main news feed
│   │   ├── YTNews.jsx        # YouTube videos
│   │   ├── Saved.jsx         # Bookmarked articles
│   │   └── About.jsx         # Developer info
│   └── utils/                # Core utilities
│       ├── ApiKeyManager.js  # Key rotation system
│       ├── DataFetch.jsx     # News fetching hook
│       ├── useYTNewsFetch.jsx # YouTube fetcher
│       ├── useTTS.jsx        # Text-to-speech hook
│       └── SaveSlice.jsx     # Redux slice
├── server.js                 # Express API server
├── vercel.json               # Deployment config
└── package.json              # Dependencies

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✨ Key Features

1. Intelligent API Key Rotation

The heart of the system is the custom ApiKeyManager that handles automatic failover:

javascriptCopy
// ApiKeyManager.js - Core rotation logic
class ApiKeyManager {
  constructor(config) {
    this.keyPools = new Map();
    
    // Initialize key pools for each service
    Object.entries(config.services).forEach(([serviceName, serviceConfig]) => {
      const keys = serviceConfig.keys.filter(Boolean);
      this.keyPools.set(serviceName, new KeyPool(serviceName, keys, serviceConfig));
    });
  }

  getNextKey(service) {
    const pool = this.keyPools.get(service);
    return pool?.getNextKey();
  }

  reportFailure(service, key, errorType) {
    const pool = this.keyPools.get(service);
    pool?.markFailure(key, errorType);
  }
}

Key rotation features:

• Round-robin distribution across available keys
• Automatic failover when rate limited
• Exponential backoff (5min → 10min → 20min)
• Health tracking with success/failure metrics

2. 10-Minute Response Caching

Intelligent caching reduces API calls by 90%:

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// DataFetch.jsx - Caching implementation
const newsCache = new Map();
const CACHE_DURATION = 10 * 60 * 1000; // 10 minutes

const fetchNews = async (pageNum = 1) => {
  const cacheKey = `news-${category || 'general'}-page${pageNum}`;
  const cached = newsCache.get(cacheKey);
  
  // Return cached data if still valid
  if (cached && Date.now() - cached.timestamp < CACHE_DURATION) {
    console.log(`[Cache] ✓ Using cached data`);
    return cached.data;
  }
  
  // Fetch fresh data and cache it
  const freshData = await fetchFromAPI();
  newsCache.set(cacheKey, {
    data: freshData,
    timestamp: Date.now()
  });
  
  return freshData;
};

3. Duplicate Detection Algorithm

Content hashing prevents showing the same story from different sources:

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// Duplicate detection using title + URL hashing
const removeDuplicates = (articles) => {
  const seen = new Map();
  const unique = [];
  
  articles.forEach(article => {
    if (!article.title) return;
    
    // Create unique key from title + url
    const titleKey = article.title.toLowerCase().trim().slice(0, 50);
    const urlKey = article.url || '';
    const uniqueKey = `${titleKey}|${urlKey}`;
    
    if (!seen.has(uniqueKey)) {
      seen.set(uniqueKey, true);
      unique.push(article);
    }
  });
  
  return unique;
};

4. Text-to-Speech (TTS)

Instead of complex external AI dependencies, the project utilizes the Web Speech API for native, low-latency text-to-speech conversion. Users can listen to any article title and description with a single click.

javascriptCopy
/* src/utils/useTTS.jsx */
const startReading = () => {
   // ...
   speechRef.current = new SpeechSynthesisUtterance();
   speechRef.current.voice = voicesRef.current.find(v => v.name === "Google US English");
   speechRef.current.text = `Article ${currentIndex + 1}: ${articles[currentIndex].title}`;
   window.speechSynthesis.speak(speechRef.current);
};

javascriptCopy
// useTTS.jsx - Text-to-speech hook
const useTTS = () => {
  const [isSpeaking, setIsSpeaking] = useState(false);
  
  const speak = (text) => {
    if ('speechSynthesis' in window) {
      const utterance = new SpeechSynthesisUtterance(text);
      utterance.rate = 1.0;
      utterance.pitch = 1.0;
      
      utterance.onstart = () => setIsSpeaking(true);
      utterance.onend = () => setIsSpeaking(false);
      
      window.speechSynthesis.speak(utterance);
    }
  };
  
  const stop = () => {
    window.speechSynthesis.cancel();
    setIsSpeaking(false);
  };
  
  return { speak, stop, isSpeaking };
};

6. Graceful Degradation

The system continues working even when APIs fail:

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// Fallback chain in DataFetch.jsx
const [newsAPIArticles, gNewsArticles] = await Promise.allSettled([
  fetchNewsAPI(pageNum),
  fetchGNews()
]);

// Extract successful results only
const newsAPIData = newsAPIArticles.status === 'fulfilled' 
  ? newsAPIArticles.value : [];
const gNewsData = gNewsArticles.status === 'fulfilled' 
  ? gNewsArticles.value : [];

// Continue with whatever data we got
const allArticles = [...newsAPIData, ...gNewsData];

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🔬 Technical Deep Dive

API Key Health Tracking

Each key maintains detailed health metrics:

javascriptCopy
class KeyMetadata {
  constructor(key) {
    this.key = key;
    this.status = 'unknown';        // working | rate-limited | failed
    this.usageCount = 0;            // Total API calls
    this.successCount = 0;          // Successful calls
    this.failureCount = 0;          // Failed calls
    this.lastUsed = null;           // Timestamp
    this.lastFailure = null;        // Last failure time
    this.cooldownUntil = null;      // When key becomes available
    this.errorType = null;          // rate-limit | auth | network
  }
  
  isAvailable() {
    // Check cooldown period
    if (this.cooldownUntil && Date.now() < this.cooldownUntil) {
      return false;
    }
    // Allow retry if under 5 failures
    return this.status !== 'failed' || this.failureCount < 5;
  }
  
  getSuccessRate() {
    return this.usageCount === 0 ? 0 : this.successCount / this.usageCount;
  }
}

Exponential Backoff Strategy

Failed keys use progressive cooldowns:

javascriptCopy
markFailure(key, errorType) {
  const keyMetadata = this.keys.find(k => k.key === key);
  keyMetadata.failureCount++;
  
  if (errorType === 'rate-limited') {
    // 1 hour cooldown for rate limits
    keyMetadata.cooldownUntil = Date.now() + 3600000;
  } else {
    // Exponential backoff: 5min, 10min, 20min, 40min (max)
    const backoffMultiplier = Math.min(
      Math.pow(2, keyMetadata.failureCount - 1), 
      8
    );
    keyMetadata.cooldownUntil = Date.now() + (300000 * backoffMultiplier);
  }
}

Health Check Endpoint

Monitor system status in real-time:

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// GET /api/health
app.get('/api/health', (req, res) => {
  const apiStatus = apiKeyManager.getAllStatus();
  
  res.json({ 
    status: 'ok', 
    timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
    services: {
      newsapi: {
        available: apiStatus.newsapi.available,
        totalKeys: apiStatus.newsapi.totalKeys,
        workingKeys: apiStatus.newsapi.workingKeys
      }
    }
  });
});

Example response:

jsonCopy
{
  "status": "ok",
  "timestamp": "2025-12-28T04:00:00.000Z",
  "services": {
    "newsapi": {
      "available": true,
      "totalKeys": 3,
      "workingKeys": 2
    }
  }
}

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🚧 Challenges Faced

Challenge 1: CORS Issues in Production

Implementation:

javascriptCopy
// server.js - CORS configuration
app.use(cors({
  origin: '*',
  methods: ['GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', 'OPTIONS'],
  allowedHeaders: ['Content-Type', 'Authorization', 'X-Requested-With'],
  credentials: false,
  maxAge: 86400
}));

Challenge 2: React StrictMode Double Fetching

Implementation:

javascriptCopy
const hasFetched = useRef(false);

const fetchNews = async () => {
  // Prevent duplicate calls in React StrictMode
  if (hasFetched.current) return;
  hasFetched.current = true;
  
  // Actual fetch logic...
};

Challenge 3: SPA Routing on Vercel

Implementation:

jsonCopy
{
  "rewrites": [
    {
      "source": "/((?!api).*)",
      "destination": "/index.html"
    }
  ]
}

Challenge 4: Inconsistent API Response Schemas

Implementation:

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// NewsCard.jsx - Schema normalization
const imageUrl = article.urlToImage || article.image || FALLBACK_IMAGE;
const sourceName = article.source?.name || article.source || 'Unknown';

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🚀 Deployment and Testing

Vercel Configuration

Complete vercel.json for production deployment:

jsonCopy
{
  "buildCommand": "npm run build",
  "outputDirectory": "dist",
  "rewrites": [
    {
      "source": "/((?!api).*)",
      "destination": "/index.html"
    }
  ],
  "headers": [
    {
      "source": "/api/(.*)",
      "headers": [
        { "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "value": "*" },
        { "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "value": "GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS" },
        { "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "value": "Content-Type, Authorization" }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Environment Variables Setup

Required variables for deployment:

envCopy
# NewsAPI Keys (3 keys for rotation)
VITE_NEWS_API_KEY_1=your_key_1
VITE_NEWS_API_KEY_2=your_key_2
VITE_NEWS_API_KEY_3=your_key_3

# GNews Keys (3 keys for rotation)
VITE_GNEWS_API_KEY_1=your_key_1
VITE_GNEWS_API_KEY_2=your_key_2
VITE_GNEWS_API_KEY_3=your_key_3

# YouTube Keys (2 keys for rotation)
VITE_YT_API_KEY_1=your_key_1
VITE_YT_API_KEY_2=your_key_2

# YouTube Keys (3 keys for rotation)
VITE_YT_API_KEY_1=your_key_1
VITE_YT_API_KEY_2=your_key_2
VITE_YT_API_KEY_3=your_key_3

Testing Strategy

Quick Start Commands

bashCopy
# Clone and install
git clone https://github.com/AmanSuryavanshi-1/AV-News-Stream.git
cd AV-News-Stream
npm install

# Development (both servers)
npm run dev

# Backend only (port 3001)
npm run dev:server

# Frontend only (port 5173)
npm run dev:client

# Production build
npm run build
npm run preview

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📸 Screenshots Gallery

Desktop Views

Mobile View

Mobile-responsive design with touch-optimized navigation

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📚 What I Learned

Technical Skills

Soft Skills

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🔮 Future Improvements

Priority Roadmap

Technical Debt

• Add comprehensive unit tests with Jest
• Implement E2E tests with Playwright
• Add TypeScript for type safety
• Set up CI/CD pipeline with GitHub Actions

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🎯 Conclusion

AV NewsStream demonstrates production-grade engineering solving real-world constraints:

This project showcases the ability to identify business constraints, architect scalable solutions, and deliver production-quality applications that serve real users.

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❓ FAQs

1. How does the API key rotation work?

The ApiKeyManager maintains a pool of keys per service (NewsAPI, GNews, YouTube). When a request is made, it selects the next available key using round-robin. If a key fails, it enters a cooldown period (exponential backoff) and the next key is tried automatically.

2. Why not use a single API?

Different news APIs have different coverage. NewsAPI excels at US news, GNews provides global coverage, and YouTube offers video content. By aggregating, we provide a richer, more comprehensive news experience.

3. How does caching reduce API calls by 90%?

With a 10-minute cache TTL, identical requests within that window return cached data instantly. Since most users browse similar categories, the cache hit rate exceeds 80%, dramatically reducing actual API calls.

4. Is the application accessible?

Yes! Alan AI voice commands enable hands-free navigation, and the Web Speech API provides text-to-speech article reading. The UI is built with accessible components from DaisyUI.

5. How do I add my own API keys?

Create a .env.local file in the project root with your keys. Each service supports 3 keys for rotation (e.g., VITE_NEWS_API_KEY_1, VITE_NEWS_API_KEY_2, VITE_NEWS_API_KEY_3).

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🏷️ Project Badges

React Redux Node.js Express Vite Tailwind CSS DaisyUI Vercel

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👨‍💻 Built By

Aman Suryavanshi - Full-Stack Developer

Portfolio LinkedIn GitHub

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Last Updated: December 2025